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Description

Sliding-vane pumps: These pumps have a number of vanes that are free to slide into or out of slots in the pump rotor. When the pump driver turns the rotor, centrifugal force, rods, and/or pressurized fluid cause the vanes to move outward in their slots and bear against the inner bore of the pump casing, forming pumping chambers. As the rotor revolves, fluid flows into the area between the vanes (pumping chambers) when they pass the suction port. This fluid is transported around the pump casing until the discharge port is reached. At this point the fluid is squeezed out into the discharge piping.

Centrifugal pumps: The simplest type of centrifugal pump is the single-stage machine that consists fundamentally of a rotating element, called an impeller, and a casing. Liquid is led to the eye, or center, of the impeller and is set into rotation by the impeller vanes. By virtue of centrifugal force the liquid is thrown from the rim or periphery of the impeller with considerable velocity and pressure. The casing, which closely surrounds the impeller, has a volute-shaped passage of increasing area, which collects the liquid leaving the impeller, and converts a portion of its velocity energy into additional pressure energy. This casing passage leads to the discharge nozzle of the pump, where it is forced into the discharge piping.